JENIN, PALESTINE – APRIL, 2002 City of Jenin in the West Bank became the site of one of the most controversial military operations of the Second Intifada. Israel launched Operation Defensive Shield to stop suicide attacks and other assaults by Palestinian militants targeting Israeli civilians. The Jenin refugee camp, where militant groups were hiding, was the main focus of the Israeli forces.
The operation was extremely intense and involved urban combat. Palestinian sources initially reported up to 500 deaths, including civilians, which sparked international concern and accusations of a massacre. Israeli and later UN investigations, however, determined that around 52 to 56 Palestinians were killed, mostly armed fighters, and 23 Israeli soldiers were injured. The operation caused extensive damage to infrastructure and homes, further fueling criticism of Israeli tactics and their impact on civilians.
The event had far-reaching political consequences. The Jenin operation became a symbol of Israel’s hardline approach during the Second Intifada and heightened tensions between the two sides. It also sparked debate over the ethics of modern urban warfare, the protection of civilians, and the right to self-defense. Jenin remains in the memory of many Palestinians and Israelis as a symbol of the brutality and tragedy of the conflict, which continues to shape the political and security dynamics of the region.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Jenin_(2002)
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