CATATUMBO, COLOMBIA, 2025 In mid-January 2025, the Catatumbo region of Colombia experienced the most intense wave of killings and violence in recent years. Armed clashes between ELN (National Liberation Army) guerrillas and the dissident faction FARC-33 reportedly left over 80 people dead, dozens kidnapped, and more than 50,000 forced to flee their homes, according to official sources.
Located near the Venezuelan border, Catatumbo has long been seen as a strategic area due to drug and weapons trafficking and the presence of multiple armed groups. The current escalation began in January, when ELN launched a military offensive against the rival FARC-33 faction. Both groups are fighting for control over territory, resources, and the population – leaving civilians caught in the crossfire of a brutal war.
According to the UN and amateur footage, human rights violations have occurred. Civilians, including women and children, have reportedly been executed after being accused of collaborating with the opposing group. Reports also include cases of child recruitment, forced labor, and restricted access to basic necessities.
On January 24, 2025, the Colombian government declared a state of internal unrest in the region, allowing for the deployment of the army. Nevertheless, the situation remains dire, and there are growing concerns the crisis may continue to deepen.
Videos from the area show dozens of dead bodies – men, women, and children – all reportedly associated with or accused of cooperating with the ELN.
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